Referenties
1Barnes MP, Johnson GR. Upper motor neurone syndrome and spasticity: Clinical management and neurophysiology: Cambridge University Press. 2008
2Ertzgaard P, Campo C, Calabrese A. Efficacy and safety of oral baclofen in the management of spasticity: A rationale for intrathecal baclofen. J Rehabil Med. 2017;49:193 -203.
3Ramstad K, Jahnsen R, Lofterod B, Skjeldal OH. Continuous intrathecal baclofen therapy in children with cerebral palsy – when does improvement emerge? Acta Paediatr. 2010;99(11):1661–1665.
4Creamer M, Cloud G, Kossmehl P. et al. Effect of intrathecal baelofen on pain and quality ornre in poststroke spasticity: A randomized trial (SISTERS). Stroke. 2018;49:2129-2137.
5Albright AL, Gilmartin R, Swift D et al.Long-term intrathecal baclofen therapy for severe spasticity of cerebral origin. J Neurosurg. 2003;98(2):291-295.
6Rawicki B. Continuous intrathecal baclofen delivered via an implantable pump: long-term follow-up review of 18 patients. J Neurosurg. 1999;91(5):733-736.
7Azouvi P, Mane, M, Thiebaut, J B, Denys, P, Remy-Neris, O, Bussel, B. Intrathecal baclofen administration for control of severe spinal spasticity: functional improvement and long-term follow-up. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996;77(1):35-9.
8Sammaraiee Y, Yardley M, Keenan L et al. Intrathecal baclofen for multiple sclerosis related spasticity: A twenty year experience. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018 Oct 15;27:95-100.
9Ivanhoe CB, Francisco GE, McGuire JR, et al. Intrathecal baclofen management of poststroke spastic hypertonia: implications for function and quality of life. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006;87(11):1509 -15.
10Guillaume D., Van Havenbergh A., Vloeberghs M., Vidal J., Roeste G. A clinical study of intrathecal baclofen using a programmable pump or intractable spasticity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86(11):2165-71.
11Penn RD. Intrathecal baclofen for spasticity of spinal origin: seven years of experience. J Neurosurg. 1992;77(2):236–40.
12Meythaler JM, Guin-Renfroe S, Law C, et al. Continuously infused intrathecal baclofen over 12 months for spastic hypertonia in adolescents. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Feb;82(2):155–61.
13Vles GF, Soudant DL, Hoving MA et al. Long-term follow-up on continuous intrathecal baclofen therapy in non-ambulant children with intractable spastic cerebral palsy. Eur. J. Paediatr Neurol. 2013;17(6):639-644.
14Hoving MA, van Raak EP, Spincemaille GH et al; Dutch Study Group on Child Spasticity. Safety and one-year efficacy of intrathecal baclofen therapy in children with intractable spastic cerebral palsy. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2009; May;13(3):247-56.
15Sadiq SA, Wang GC. Long-term intrathecal baclofen therapy in ambulatory patients with spasticity J Neurol (2006) 253: 563 -569.
16Coffey RJ, Cahill D, Steers W. Intrathecal baclofen for intractable spasticity of spinal origin: results of a long-term study. J Neurosurg, 1993;78(6):226-232.
17Motta F, Antonello CE, Stignani C. Intrathecal baclofen and motor function in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2011;53(5):443–448.
18Johnson KS, et Daniel JS. Lumbar puncture: Technique, indications, contraindications, and complications in adults. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed February, 2020
19Schiess MC, Oh IJ, Stimming EF et al. Prospective 12-month study of intrathecal baclofen therapy for poststroke spastic upper and lower extremity motor control and functional improvement. Neuromodulation. 2011;14(1):38-45.
20Delhaas EM. Long-term outcomes of continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion for treatment of spasticity: A prospective multicenter follow-up study. Neuromodulation. 2008;11(3):227-236.
21Natale M, D’Oria S, Nero VV, Squillante E, Gentile M, Rotondo M. Long-term effects of intrathecal baclofen in multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2016;143:121-5.
22Hoving MA, van Raak EP, Spincemaille GH, Palmans LJ, Becher JG, Vles JS; Dutch Study Group on Child Spasticity. Efficacy of intrathecal baclofen therapy in children with intractable spastic cerebral palsy: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2009;13(3):240–246
23Morton RE, Gray N, Vloeberghs M. Controlled study of the effects of continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion in non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2011;53(8):736–741
24Yoon YK, Lee KC, Cho HE et al. Outcomes of intrathecal baclofen therapy in patients with cerebral palsy and acquired brain injury. H. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Aug;96(34):e7472
25Meythaler JM, McCary A, Hadley MN. Intrathecal infusion of baclofen for spasticity caused by acquired brain injury: a preliminary report. J Neurosurg. 1997;87(3):415-419.
26Meythaler JM, Guin-Renfroe S, Grabb P, Hadley MN. long-term continuously infused intrathecal baclofen for spastic-dystonic hypertonia in traumatic brain injury: 1-year experience.Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80(1):13-19
27Francisco GE, Boake C. Spastic hemiplegia after intrathecal baclofen therapy: a preliminary study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84(8):1194-1199.
28Creamer M, Cloud G, Kossmehl P, et al. Intrathecal baclofen therapy versus conventional medical management for severe post-stroke spasticity: Results from a multicentre,randomised, controlled, open-label trial (SISTERS). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2018 Jun;89(6):642-650
29Creamer et al. Effect of intrathecal baclofen on pain and quality of life in poststroke spasticity: A randomized trial (SISTERS). Stroke. 2018;49:2129–2137
30Meythaler JM, Guin-Renfroe S, Brunner RC, Hadley MN. Intrathecal baclofen for spastic hypertonia from stroke. Stroke. 2001;32(9):2009-2109
31Ordia JI, Fischer, Edward, Adamski, Ellen, Chagnon, Kimberly G, Spatz, Edward L. Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion by a programmable pump in 131 consecutive patients with severe spasticity of spinal origin. Neuromodulation. 2002;5(1):16-24
32Burns AS, Meythaler JM. Intrathecal baclofen in tetraplegia of spinal origin: efficacy for upper extremity hypertonia. Spinal Cord. 2001;39(8):413-9.
33Middel B, Kuipers-Upmeijer H, Bouma J, et al. Effect of intrathecal baclofen delivered by an implanted programmable pump on health related quality of life in patients with severe spasticity. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1997;63(2):204-9
34Khan AA, Birks-Agnew I, Bullock P, Rushton D. Clinical outcome and complications of intrathecal baclofen pump in multiple sclerosis patients: a retrospective study. NeuroRehabilitation. 2010;27(2):117-20
35Lee BS, Jones J, Lang M et al. Early outcomes after intrathecal baclofen therapy in ambulatory patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurosurg. 2018 Oct;129(4):1056-1062